Implantát

Implantát, the Hungarian term for implant, is a medical device placed inside or on the surface of the body to replace a missing biological structure, support a prosthesis, or deliver therapy.

Common categories include dental implants (endosseous fixtures supporting teeth or dentures), orthopedic implants (joint replacements, fracture fixation devices), cardiovascular implants (pacemakers, vascular stents), and neuromodulation or cosmetic implants.

Materials and design: implants are typically made from biocompatible materials such as titanium alloys, stainless steel, or biocompatible ceramics and polymers. Titanium is common because it forms a stable bond with bone (osseointegration). Surface treatments and coatings may promote tissue integration.

Procedure and recovery: placement usually requires surgical insertion under sterile conditions, followed by a healing period during which the implant becomes anchored. Additional procedures may be needed to finalize the prosthesis or function.

Risks and considerations: infection, device failure, wear, rejection, or incompatibility. Not all patients are suitable; factors include bone quality, health, and medical history. Regulatory oversight by medical authorities ensures safety and effectiveness; devices undergo testing before approval.

History: the concept dates back to ancient times; modern implants matured with advances in materials science, surface engineering, and surgical techniques in the 20th century, leading to dental and orthopedic implants as common medical options.