Ilmapistooli

Ilmapistooli, or air pistol, is a type of air gun that fires pellets or BBs using compressed air or gas rather than gunpowder. They are used for sport shooting, target practice, and recreational plinking. Common calibers are 4.5 mm (.177) and 5.5 mm (.22).

Most modern air pistols fall into three main categories: spring-piston, CO2-powered, and pre-charged pneumatic (PCP). Spring-piston pistols use an internal coil spring and piston; the user cocks the mechanism to compress air, which is released to propel the pellet. CO2 pistols store carbon dioxide in small cartridges and often feed from a magazine, delivering semi-automatic or multi-shot fire. PCP pistols contain a reservoir of compressed air supplied from a high-pressure tank or pump, providing regulated and consistent velocity. Some models are single-shot, while others use magazines or rotary feeds.

Ammunition typically consists of lead or alloy pellets for the pellets, and steel BBs for some lower-powered models. Pellets come in various shapes and weights to suit different purposes, from precise target shooting to general plinking. Velocity and power vary widely depending on the mechanism, model, and local regulations. In sport shooting, air pistols are used in disciplines such as the 10-meter air pistol events, which demand high accuracy and consistent performance.

Safety and legality vary by country and region. Air pistols are generally subject to laws separate from conventional firearms and may require age limits, licensing, or registration, along with appropriate storage and handling precautions. Major manufacturers include Walther, Umarex, Gamo, Crosman, Feinwerkbau, and Anschütz.