IgEand

IgEand is not a standard term in immunology. If encountered, it most likely represents either a typographical error or a concatenation of IgE with the word 'and' in a phrase such as 'IgE and receptors' or 'IgE and allergic disease.' This article summarizes what IgE is, its roles, and clinical relevance.

IgE is a class of immunoglobulins produced mainly by plasma cells in mucosal tissues and the bone marrow. Its structure features the epsilon heavy chain. In humans, circulating IgE is typically present at very low concentrations, but it exerts outsized biological effects by binding with high affinity to FcεRI receptors on mast cells and basophils.

Upon allergen exposure, IgE bound to these receptors recognizes the allergen and cross-links receptor complexes, triggering degranulation and release of mediators such as histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. This response underlies immediate hypersensitivity reactions, including wheeze, itching, swelling, and anaphylaxis in severe cases. IgE also supports defense against helminth parasites.

Clinical assessment often includes measurement of total serum IgE and specific IgE antibodies against particular allergens, as well as skin prick testing. Management focuses on avoidance of known triggers, pharmacotherapy to mitigate symptoms (antihistamines, corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers), and, in some cases, immunotherapy. Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody against IgE, reduces free IgE levels and is used for certain allergic conditions.

Ongoing research explores the regulation of IgE production, the detailed signaling pathways of FcεRI, and novel therapies to target IgE or its receptors, aiming to improve safety and efficacy in allergy and asthma treatment.