ISMbåndene

ISMbåndene is a Danish term for the ISM bands, the radio frequency bands internationally allocated for industrial, scientific and medical purposes. These bands are generally available for unlicensed operation in many countries, provided devices adhere to specific technical limits such as maximum transmit power and emission characteristics.

The concept originates from ITU Radio Regulations. While the ISM designation was intended for non-communications uses, the bands have become widely used for wireless communications because they do not require individual licenses. This has enabled a broad range of consumer and industrial technologies to operate in these frequencies, including Wi‑Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, RFID, remote sensors, medical devices and various control systems.

Common ISMbåndene include widely used frequencies around 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz for wireless data transmission, sub‑GHz bands such as around 433 MHz and 868/915 MHz used by remote controls and sensor networks, and the 13.56 MHz band used for near-field communication and contactless cards. Other ISM bands exist at lower and higher frequencies, with regulations varying by country. The unlicensed nature of these bands means a risk of interference with licensed services, hence the importance of adhering to power limits, spectrum etiquette and device standards.

Regulation and usage in Denmark align with international guidelines and European standards. Operators and devices must comply with applicable European directives, obtain CE marking where required, and respect national rules on permissible power, duty cycles and coexistence with other services.

See also: ISM bands, unlicensed spectrum, wireless technologies.