Hønene

Hønene are female chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus, domesticated from the red junglefowl. They are kept worldwide for eggs and meat. In Norwegian usage, hønene refers to hens in general, with singular høne and plural høner. In a flock, hens interact with roosters (hanner) and juveniles, forming social groups organized by a pecking order that influences access to resources and mating opportunities.

Hens lay eggs regularly, with production influenced by day length and breed. An unfertilized egg will not hatch, and mating is not required for egg production. If a hen sits on eggs, she may become broodier, delaying laying. Incubation lasts about 21 days under a broody hen or in an incubator; hatchlings emerge as tiny chicks.

Hens are omnivores, eating grains, seeds, greens, and insects. A balanced diet includes a formulated layer feed with adequate protein and minerals, plus calcium, often provided as crushed oyster shells. Grit aids digestion. They require clean water, shelter, nesting boxes, perches, and protection from predators. Good housing reduces stress and disease transmission.

Breeds vary widely; common layers include Leghorn-type lines and dual-purpose breeds such as Rhode Island Red or Sussex. Hens reach peak egg production in early adulthood; lifespan is typically 5–10 years, though productive years may be shorter. Spent hens may be kept for meat or rehomed; vaccination and biosecurity help prevent diseases such as avian influenza and Marek's disease.