Hääletamisviis

Hääletamisviis refers to the method by which votes are cast and counted in an election. Various systems exist, each with its own set of rules and implications for election outcomes.

Common hääletamisviis include:

First-past-the-post (FPTP), also known as plurality voting, is a system where the candidate with the most votes wins, even if they do not secure an absolute majority. This system is prevalent in many Commonwealth countries and the United States.

Proportional representation (PR) aims to allocate seats in a legislature in proportion to the votes received by each party. This can be achieved through various methods, such as party-list PR or the single transferable vote (STV). PR systems are common in many European countries and are designed to ensure a more diverse representation of political views.

Ranked-choice voting (RCV), also known as preferential voting, allows voters to rank candidates in order of preference. If no candidate achieves a majority of first-preference votes, the votes of the least popular candidate are redistributed based on the voters' second preferences, and so on, until a candidate secures a majority.

Other hääletamisviis include approval voting, where voters can vote for as many candidates as they approve of, and score voting, where voters assign scores to candidates. The choice of hääletamisviis can significantly impact election results, voter engagement, and the overall political landscape. Factors influencing the selection of a particular system often include historical precedent, political culture, and desired representational outcomes.