Häiriöalttius

Häiriöalttius refers to the susceptibility or predisposition to developing mental or behavioral disorders. It is not a diagnosis, but a dimensional concept describing an elevated risk based on an interplay of factors. In practice, häiriöalttius helps to explain why some individuals are more likely than others to experience problems when confronted with stress or adverse life circumstances.

The concept draws on models such as the diathesis-stress framework and includes genetic, neurobiological, psychological, and environmental components. Genetic factors contribute to baseline vulnerability, while early-life experiences, trauma, and ongoing stress can activate or increase risk. Temperament and personality traits, such as heightened anxiety sensitivity or poor stress regulation, may also shape vulnerability. Neurobiological mechanisms involve dysregulation of stress response systems and brain circuits that process emotion, reward, and social information.

Häiriöalttius is used in research and clinical practice to identify individuals who may benefit from preventive measures, monitoring, or early intervention before full-syndrome disorders emerge. Assessment relies on family history, developmental history, symptom patterns, and indicators such as persistent stress responses, sleep problems, or behavioral changes. Protective factors—stable relationships, coping skills, and supportive environments—can reduce risk and promote resilience.

Ultimately, häiriöalttius is a probabilistic construct rather than a diagnosis, varying across individuals and contexts. Understanding it supports prevention efforts and personalized care by focusing on reducing stress exposure, strengthening resources, and providing timely treatment if symptoms arise.