Hálózat

A network, in the context of computing and telecommunications, refers to a group of interconnected devices or nodes that can communicate with each other. These devices can range from computers and servers to smartphones and IoT devices. Networks enable the sharing of resources, data, and services among connected devices.

There are several types of networks, each serving different purposes and scales. Local Area Networks (LANs) are typically used within a small geographical area, such as a home or office, to connect devices like computers, printers, and other peripherals. Wide Area Networks (WANs) cover larger geographical areas, connecting multiple LANs over long distances, often using technologies like the internet. Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) fall between LANs and WANs, covering a city or large campus.

Networks operate based on various protocols and standards, such as TCP/IP, which is the foundation of the internet. These protocols define how data is transmitted, routed, and received across the network. Network devices like routers, switches, and modems play crucial roles in managing and directing data traffic within and between networks.

Networks can be classified as wired or wireless. Wired networks use physical cables like Ethernet cables to connect devices, while wireless networks use radio waves to transmit data. Wireless networks are further categorized into Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks, each with its own range and use cases.

Security is a significant concern in network management. Networks employ various security measures, including firewalls, encryption, and authentication protocols, to protect data from unauthorized access and cyber threats. Network administrators and engineers are responsible for designing, implementing, and maintaining these networks to ensure reliable and secure communication.