Hylodidae

Hylodidae is a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs are characterized by their terrestrial or semi-arboreal habits, often found in moist leaf litter or near streams and waterfalls. They are a relatively small family, with most species found in the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado regions of Brazil. Hylodidae frogs are known for their distinctive vocalizations, particularly the males who call to attract mates. Many species are sexually dimorphic, with males being smaller than females. Their diet primarily consists of invertebrates, such as insects and spiders. Reproduction in Hylodidae typically involves direct development, where eggs hatch into miniature froglets, bypassing the tadpole stage. This adaptation is thought to be an advantage in environments where aquatic habitats may be ephemeral. The family is divided into several genera, with Hylodes being the most diverse. Conservation concerns exist for some species within the Hylodidae family due to habitat loss and fragmentation caused by agricultural expansion and urbanization.