Hyeonjong

Hyeonjong, born Yi Hyeon, was the 19th monarch of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. He reigned from 1659 to 1674. Hyeonjong ascended the throne upon the death of his father, King Hyojong. His reign was largely characterized by internal political strife and delicate diplomatic maneuvering.

A significant challenge during his rule was the ongoing dispute over mourning rites, known as the "great ritual debate" or "gyejin dogam non-jaeng." This controversy revolved around the appropriate period of mourning for a deceased queen, with different court factions advocating for varying interpretations of Confucian tradition. This debate significantly impacted court politics and highlighted the enduring influence of Confucianism.

In foreign affairs, Hyeonjong faced tensions with the Qing Dynasty, which had conquered Joseon in the past. He sought to strengthen Joseon's defenses and maintain a cautious relationship with the powerful northern neighbor. His reign also saw continued efforts to consolidate royal authority and reform administrative practices. Hyeonjong is remembered for his efforts to navigate a complex political landscape and his adherence to Confucian principles, even amidst internal divisions. He died in 1674, and was succeeded by his son, Sukjong.