Humusmateriaalin

Humusmateriaalin refers to the organic component of soil. It is derived from the decomposition of plant and animal matter by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. This decomposition process transforms complex organic substances into simpler, more stable compounds. Humus is dark in color and has a fine texture.

The presence of humusmateriaalin is crucial for soil health and fertility. It improves soil structure by binding soil particles together, which enhances aeration and water infiltration. This improved structure also makes soil more resistant to erosion. Humus acts like a sponge, increasing the soil's water-holding capacity, which is beneficial for plant growth, especially during dry periods.

Furthermore, humusmateriaalin is a reservoir of essential plant nutrients. As it continues to decompose, it releases these nutrients in a form that plants can absorb. This slow release of nutrients helps sustain plant growth over time and reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers. Humus also influences the soil's cation exchange capacity, which is its ability to hold onto and supply positively charged nutrient ions.

The formation and accumulation of humus are influenced by various factors, including climate, vegetation type, soil type, and land management practices. Soils rich in humus are generally considered fertile and productive. Maintaining or increasing humus levels in soil is a key practice in sustainable agriculture and soil conservation.