Holographieverfahren

Holographieverfahren refers to the techniques used to create holograms. A hologram is a three-dimensional image formed by the interference of light waves. Unlike traditional photography, which records only the intensity of light, holography records both the intensity and the phase of light scattered from an object. This complete recording allows for the reconstruction of a true three-dimensional image.

The fundamental principle behind holography involves splitting a laser beam into two. One beam, known as the object beam, illuminates the object to be recorded. The light scattered from the object then travels to a photographic plate or digital sensor. The second beam, called the reference beam, is directed directly onto the same plate or sensor without interacting with the object. When these two beams meet, they interfere. This interference pattern, which is essentially a complex array of light and dark fringes, is what is recorded on the holographic medium.

To view the hologram, a reconstruction beam, often a laser identical to the reference beam used during recording, is shone through the recorded interference pattern. The pattern diffracts the light, effectively reconstructing the original wavefront of light that came from the object. This allows the viewer to see a three-dimensional image of the object, complete with parallax, meaning the image appears to shift as the viewer moves their head, just as if the object were physically present. Various methods exist for recording and reconstructing holograms, including transmission holography and reflection holography, each with its own specific setup and viewing conditions.