Hofje

A Hofje is a Dutch architectural and social institution characterized by a courtyard surrounded by a series of uniform residential buildings. These courtyards typically house residents who are often elderly, needy, or otherwise in need of communal support. The concept originated in the Netherlands during the Middle Ages and became a prominent feature of urban social welfare from the 14th century onward.

Hofjes were originally established by religious institutions, charitable groups, or wealthy benefactors to provide housing and care for specific community members, especially women and impoverished elderly. The design often includes a central garden or courtyard, providing a private and peaceful space for residents. The buildings are usually simple, functional, and uniform, emphasizing community living and social cohesion.

During the Dutch Golden Age, many hofjes were built in cities such as Haarlem, Utrecht, and Amsterdam, reflecting societal values of charity and community responsibility. Today, some historic hofjes remain operational as affordable housing or cultural heritage sites, while others serve as museums or private residences.

The social model of the hofje influenced similar courtyard and communal housing concepts in other countries. Its architectural style highlights the importance of shared spaces for fostering social interaction and mutual support among residents. The continued preservation of hofjes offers insight into historical approaches to social care and community building within Dutch urban settings.