Hipotensja

Hipotensja, also known as hypotension, is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood against the walls of the blood vessels, and it is typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be between 90/60 and 120/80 mmHg, with the first number representing systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart beats) and the second number representing diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart rests between beats).

Hipotensja can be classified into two main types: orthostatic hypotension and neurogenic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension occurs when a person's blood pressure drops significantly upon standing up, often leading to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. Neurogenic hypotension, on the other hand, is caused by damage to the autonomic nervous system, which regulates blood pressure, and can result from conditions such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis.

The causes of hipotensja can vary widely and may include dehydration, heart failure, anemia, and certain medications. Diagnosis typically involves measuring blood pressure and may include additional tests to identify the underlying cause. Treatment options depend on the underlying condition but may include lifestyle changes, such as increasing fluid intake, wearing compression stockings, or taking medications to raise blood pressure.

Hipotensja can be a serious condition if left untreated, as it can lead to complications such as organ damage, heart failure, and even death. Therefore, it is important for individuals experiencing symptoms of hipotensja to seek medical attention promptly. Regular check-ups and monitoring of blood pressure can help in the early detection and management of this condition.