Hiperkoleszterinémia

Hiperkoleszterinémia, also known as hypercholesterolemia, is a condition characterized by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that is essential for the body, but high levels can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke. There are two main types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, known as "good" cholesterol.

Hiperkoleszterinémia can be caused by genetic factors, lifestyle choices, or medical conditions such as diabetes or obesity. Risk factors include a family history of high cholesterol, smoking, physical inactivity, and a diet high in saturated and trans fats.

The diagnosis of hiperkoleszterinémia typically involves a blood test to measure cholesterol levels. Treatment options may include lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management. Medications, such as statins, may also be prescribed to lower cholesterol levels.

Early detection and management of hiperkoleszterinémia are crucial for preventing heart disease and stroke. Regular check-ups and adherence to a healthy lifestyle can help maintain optimal cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of related complications.