Hindamiskontekstid

Hindamiskontekstid refers to the historical periods in Estonia that were influenced by the Soviet Union, specifically from 1940 to 1991. This era is characterized by the occupation of Estonia by the Soviet Union, which led to significant changes in the country's political, social, and economic landscape. The period is often divided into two main phases: the first occupation from 1940 to 1941, and the second occupation from 1944 to 1991.

During the first occupation, Estonia was annexed by the Soviet Union following the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. This period saw the establishment of Soviet-style governance, the collectivization of agriculture, and the persecution of political opponents.

The second occupation began after the end of World War II, when Estonia was re-occupied by the Soviet Union. This period was marked by the consolidation of Soviet power, the expansion of the Soviet economy into Estonia, and the suppression of nationalist and anti-Soviet sentiments. The Soviet Union's influence was pervasive, affecting all aspects of Estonian life, including education, culture, and media.

The hindamiskontekstid also saw the development of a distinct Estonian identity within the Soviet framework. Despite the Soviet influence, Estonians maintained their language, culture, and traditions, often in secret or through subtle forms of resistance. The period also saw the emergence of a strong nationalist movement, which played a significant role in the eventual restoration of Estonian independence in 1991.

The hindamiskontekstid ended with the declaration of Estonia's independence on August 20, 1991, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. This marked the beginning of a new era for Estonia, characterized by the rebuilding of its economy, the restoration of its democratic institutions, and the reassertion of its national identity.