Hemiodontidae

Hemiodontidae is a family of freshwater fish belonging to the order Characiformes. These fish are native to the freshwater basins of South America, primarily found in the Amazon and Paraná river systems. The family is characterized by its small to medium size, with most species rarely exceeding 15 centimeters in length. A distinctive feature of Hemiodontidae is their elongated, often compressed body shape, which gives them a streamlined appearance.

The diet of Hemiodontidae species is varied, often including algae, small invertebrates, and detritus. They are generally peaceful schooling fish, and their behavior is a common reason for their inclusion in home aquariums, though their specific needs can vary between species. The family is comprised of several genera, with Hemiodus being the most prominent. Other genera include Anodus, Bivibranchi, and Micnodon.

Reproduction in Hemiodontidae typically involves the laying of eggs, which are often scattered amongst aquatic vegetation. Parental care is generally absent, with fry left to fend for themselves after hatching. While not as widely known as some other South American fish families, Hemiodontidae represents an interesting group of Neotropical ichthyofauna, contributing to the biodiversity of the region's freshwater ecosystems. Research continues to shed light on their ecological roles and evolutionary relationships.