Havamiento

Havamiento refers to a phenomenon observed in some materials, particularly certain types of concrete and cementitious composites, where internal stresses can lead to cracking and subsequent deterioration. This process is often influenced by the presence of expansive phases within the material, such as alkali-silica reaction (ASR) products or expansive additives. When these phases absorb moisture, they swell, creating internal pressure. If this pressure exceeds the tensile strength of the material, cracks will form. These cracks can then serve as pathways for further ingress of moisture and aggressive substances, accelerating the degradation process.

The term "havamiento" is not universally recognized across all material science disciplines and is more commonly encountered in specific regional or research contexts. Understanding the mechanisms of havamiento is crucial for the durability and long-term performance of concrete structures. Factors contributing to its development include the composition of the cementitious material, the aggregate used, environmental conditions (e.g., humidity, temperature fluctuations), and the presence of reactive substances. Mitigation strategies often involve careful material selection, design considerations to manage stress, and protective measures to limit moisture penetration.