Hambapõletik

Hambapõletik, also known as pulpitis, is an inflammation of the dental pulp, the soft tissue located inside a tooth. This inflammation is most commonly caused by dental caries (cavities) that have progressed deep enough to reach the pulp. Other causes include trauma to the tooth, such as a fracture or a blow, extensive dental procedures, or even receding gums exposing the root surface to bacteria.

The symptoms of hambapõletik can vary depending on the severity of the inflammation. In its early stages, it might present as a sharp, spontaneous pain that is often worse at night or when exposed to hot or cold stimuli. This pain can be transient and may subside after the stimulus is removed. As the inflammation progresses, the pain can become more constant and throbbing, and may not be easily relieved by painkillers. In some cases, swelling around the affected tooth or even a pus discharge (abscess) can occur, indicating a more severe infection.

Diagnosis of hambapõletik typically involves a dental examination, including tapping on the tooth, testing its sensitivity to temperature, and taking dental X-rays to assess the extent of decay and any potential bone loss. Treatment depends on the stage of the inflammation. If the pulpitis is reversible, meaning the inflammation is mild and the pulp is still viable, treatment might involve removing the decay and placing a filling or a protective dressing. However, if the pulpitis is irreversible, indicating permanent damage to the pulp, more extensive treatment is required, such as root canal therapy to remove the infected pulp, or in severe cases, tooth extraction.