Hajoamisjännite

Hajoamisjännite, often translated as breakdown voltage, is a critical parameter in electrical insulation. It represents the maximum voltage that an insulating material can withstand before it loses its insulating properties and begins to conduct electricity. When the applied voltage exceeds the hajoamisjännite, the material undergoes a process called dielectric breakdown, leading to a sudden and significant increase in conductivity. This can result in a permanent change to the material's structure and render it ineffective as an insulator.

The hajoamisjännite is influenced by several factors, including the type of insulating material, its thickness, temperature, humidity, and the presence of any defects or impurities. Different materials have vastly different hajoamisjännites, with some, like certain ceramics, having very high values, while others, like thin films of organic polymers, may have much lower ones. For practical applications, it is essential to select insulating materials with a hajoamisjännite significantly higher than the operating voltage to ensure reliable and safe performance of electrical equipment. This prevents short circuits, arcing, and potential damage or failure of the device.