HBVinfektioita

HBVinfektioita refers to infections caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). This virus primarily affects the liver, and infections can range from acute, short-term illnesses to chronic, long-term conditions. Transmission of HBV typically occurs through contact with infected blood or other body fluids, such as semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva. Common routes of transmission include unprotected sexual contact, sharing contaminated needles or syringes, and from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth.

Acute Hepatitis B infection may present with symptoms like fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, clay-colored stools, joint pain, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). However, many individuals, especially children, may have no symptoms at all. In most adults, the acute infection resolves on its own.

Chronic Hepatitis B infection develops when the virus is not cleared by the immune system and persists in the body for more than six months. Chronic infection significantly increases the risk of serious liver complications, including cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cancer). Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent HBV infection. Antiviral medications are available to manage chronic HBV infection and reduce the risk of liver damage. Regular screening is recommended for individuals at high risk of infection.