Grebe

Grebes are a family of freshwater diving birds, Podicipedidae, found on every continent except Antarctica. They inhabit lakes, ponds, marshes, and sometimes coastal wetlands, often preferring quiet, vegetated waters. Grebes are highly aquatic and spend much of their time underwater as they hunt for prey.

Grebes are characterized by their lobed toes, which provide propulsion underwater, and by legs set far back on the body, giving excellent diving ability but awkward locomotion on land. They have compact bodies, relatively short tails, and long necks with sharp bills. Breeding plumage in many species is striking, and some species display elaborate head and neck markings during the courtship season.

Diet consists mainly of aquatic invertebrates, small fish, and crustaceans, captured through pursuit diving. They are typically solitary feeders while foraging, though many species nest in colonies near favorable wetland habitats. Nesting occurs on water or very close to it, with floating nests constructed from vegetation. Both parents participate in incubation and chick rearing. Courtship displays can be elaborate in some species, notably the great crested grebe, which performs synchronized swimming, head-flagging, and other ritual dances to attract a mate.

Conservation status varies among species. While many grebes are of least concern due to widespread distribution, others are affected by wetland drainage, pollution, and habitat loss. Grebes are valued for their underwater mobility and distinctive breeding displays, making them a notable group for birdwatchers and researchers alike.