Gravitetit

Gravitetit (graviteti) is the physical phenomenon by which all objects with mass attract one another. In Albanian usage, gravitetit is the term for gravity. It is a fundamental interaction that governs the motion of planets, stars, and everyday objects, and it also determines the structure of galaxies and the expansion of the universe.

Historically, gravity was first described quantitatively by Sir Isaac Newton. Newton’s law of universal gravitation states that every pair of masses exerts an attractive force F proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them: F = G m1 m2 / r^2, where G is the gravitational constant. In Newtonian gravity, the gravitational field near a body can be characterized by an acceleration g, such as g ≈ 9.81 m/s^2 at Earth's surface. Gravitational potential energy also arises from the position of a mass in a gravitational field.

In the 20th century, Einstein’s general theory of relativity provided a deeper description: mass and energy curve spacetime, and objects move along geodesics in this curved geometry. This framework explains phenomena such as gravitational time dilation, redshift, light deflection, and the precession of orbits. It also predicts gravitational waves, which were directly detected in 2015.

Practical applications of gravitetit include satellite navigation, trajectory planning, and tidal effects. Modern precision tests continue to probe gravity from laboratory scales to cosmological distances, including studies on gravitational lensing, the behavior of black holes, and the large-scale dynamics of the universe. Ongoing work also seeks to resolve questions about gravity’s integration with quantum physics and its role in dark matter and dark energy contexts.