Gongylus

Gongylus is a genus of praying mantises in the family Hymenopodidae. They are native to Africa and are known for their distinctive appearance. The genus was first described by Carl Stål in 1871.

The most well-known species within the Gongylus genus is Gongylus gongylodes, commonly referred to as the Wandering Violin Mantis or the Pink Orchid Mantis. This species exhibits remarkable mimicry, resembling dried leaves or twigs, which aids in camouflage and ambushing prey. Females are typically larger and more robust than males. Their coloration can vary, often adapting to their surroundings, but typically includes shades of brown, green, and sometimes pink.

Gongylus species are carnivorous insects, preying on other smaller invertebrates such as flies, moths, and crickets. Like other mantises, they possess raptorial forelegs adapted for capturing and holding prey. Their hunting strategy involves patiently waiting in camouflage, striking with lightning speed when an unsuspecting victim comes within range.

Reproduction in Gongylus, as with other mantises, involves a female laying eggs in a hardened casing called an ootheca. The ootheca is typically attached to a plant stem or other suitable surface. The young, or nymphs, hatch from the ootheca and undergo several molts as they grow, eventually reaching adulthood. Sexual cannibalism, where the female consumes the male after mating, can occur in some species, though it is not universal. The genus is relatively small, with only a few recognized species.