Glikoller

Glikoller, also known as glycerol or glycerin, is a simple polyol compound with the chemical formula C₃H₈O₃. It is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid that is sweet-tasting and non-toxic. Glikoller is widely used in various industries due to its versatile properties and wide availability.

Chemically, glikoller is a trihydric alcohol, meaning it contains three hydroxyl (–OH) groups. This structure makes it highly soluble in water and capable of forming hydrogen bonds, contributing to its hygroscopic nature. It is produced naturally in living organisms as a product of lipid metabolism and is a key component of triglycerides, which are the main form of fat storage in animals and plants.

In the food industry, glikoller serves multiple purposes. It acts as a humectant, helping to retain moisture in products like baked goods, candy, and processed meats. It is also used as a sweetener, though less potent than sugar, and as a solvent for flavors and colors. Additionally, glikoller is a common ingredient in pharmaceuticals, where it functions as a sweetening agent, solvent, and emulsifier in medications and topical treatments.

Beyond food and pharmaceuticals, glikoller has applications in cosmetics, where it is used in moisturizers, lotions, and shampoos for its hydrating properties. It is also employed in the production of biodegradable plastics, antifreeze solutions, and as a lubricant in various industrial processes. Due to its renewable nature, glikoller derived from plant-based sources is increasingly favored in sustainable manufacturing.

Glikoller is generally recognized as safe by regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). However, excessive consumption may lead to digestive discomfort, and it should be used cautiously in individuals with certain medical conditions. Its widespread use and relatively low cost make it a valuable compound across multiple sectors.