Gettierexempel
Gettierexempel refers to a class of thought experiments in epistemology that challenge the idea that knowledge is simply justified true belief. The term comes from Edmund Gettier, who in 1963 published counterexamples showing that a person can have a justified true belief without intuitively possessing knowledge. The central lesson is that justification, truth, and belief can align by luck, so they do not guarantee knowledge as a matter of that alignment alone.
The best-known Gettier example, often called the Smith–Jones case, proceeds as follows: Smith has strong justification
Another influential variant is the fake barn county case, where a person looks at a real barn
Gettier problems have prompted extensive debate and a search for a more robust account of knowledge. Proposals