Geopotentialbased

Geopotentialbased refers to phenomena, measurements, or models that are defined or considered with respect to the geopotential. The geopotential is a scalar quantity representing the gravitational potential energy per unit mass at a given point in a planet's gravitational field. It is conventionally expressed in units of potential energy per unit mass, such as joules per kilogram or square meters per second.

In Earth sciences, geopotentialbased approaches are fundamental. For instance, geopotential altitudes, often referred to as geopotential heights, are not simply geometric distances but rather represent the work required to move a unit mass from a reference equipotential surface (like the geoid) to the point in question. These heights are crucial in meteorology and oceanography for defining atmospheric layers and ocean currents, as they provide a more physically consistent reference than geometric height, which can vary due to local gravitational anomalies.

Furthermore, geopotentialbased models are used to describe the Earth's gravity field. These models, such as those derived from satellite measurements, allow for the calculation of the geopotential at any point on or above the Earth's surface. This is essential for precise navigation, satellite orbit determination, and understanding the dynamics of the Earth system. The concept is also applied in other planetary bodies where a gravitational field exists.