Genealogie

Genealogie, or genealogy, is the study of family lineages and the history of individuals through generation-to-generation relationships. It seeks to trace ancestors and descendants, documenting names, dates, and places, and often results in family trees or pedigrees. The term comes from Greek genes (origin, descent) and logos (study).

Researchers rely on a range of sources to reconstruct lineages. Common records include civil registration, church parish registers, census data, wills, land and tax records, military rolls, gravestones, newspapers, and immigration documents. In recent decades, digitization and online databases have accelerated access to records. Genetic data from DNA testing can supplement documentary evidence, particularly for distant connections or unknown parentage. Investigators assess the strength of evidence, resolve conflicts between sources, and provide source citations to support conclusions.

Scope and practice involve concentrating on verified relationships within a lineage, distinguishing primary documentary evidence from circumstantial information. Genealogy often produces pedigrees and family trees, with notes on dates, places, and sources. Privacy and ethical considerations apply, especially when research touches living individuals or sensitive data.

History and contemporary practice: Genealogy has deep roots in many cultures. In Europe, parish registers and noble genealogies shaped early methods, while the modern field expanded with civil registration, standardized dating, and the growth of archives and societies. The rise of mass digitization, online databases, and consumer DNA testing has broadened access and scope for both amateurs and professionals.

Applications and significance include personal heritage, medical history, demographic research, and legal matters such as inheritance or citizenship claims. Genealogical work is pursued as both a hobby and a scholarly discipline worldwide.