Gasificationbased

Gasification-based refers to technologies that use gasification as the core conversion step to transform carbon-containing feedstocks into synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. In gasification, the feedstock reacts with limited oxygen, air, or steam at high temperatures to produce a combustible gas that can be cleaned and used for energy or chemical production.

Feedstocks include coal, biomass, petroleum coke, and municipal solid waste, alone or in blends. Gasification occurs in fixed-bed, fluidized-bed, or entrained-flow reactors and can operate at atmospheric or elevated pressure. The resulting syngas is cleaned to remove particulates, sulfur, and other impurities and may be processed further by shifting, reforming, or methanation.

Common applications are gasification-based power generation, especially integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC); hydrogen production with carbon capture; and the synthesis of fuels and chemicals through processes such as Fischer–Tropsch, methanol, or ammonia production.

Advantages include fuel flexibility, potential compatibility with carbon capture, and the ability to use lower-quality feedstocks. Challenges include high capital costs, plant complexity, feedstock variability, and the cost of gas cleanup and pollution controls.

Gasification-based technologies are the focus of ongoing research and pilot projects, with interest in efficiency gains, durable materials, tar mitigation in biomass systems, and scalable designs for distributed energy and chemical production.