GIFs

GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format, a bitmap image format created by CompuServe and introduced in 1987. It uses lossless LZW compression to reduce file size and supports up to 256 colors per frame from a global or local color table. The original specification, GIF87a, defined static images, while GIF89a added support for animation, transparency, and extended metadata. The format became widely adopted on the early web and remains in use today.

Animation and transparency: A single GIF file can contain multiple frames, each with its own display duration. Looping is controlled by a Netscape application extension or, in modern decoders, by a loop count. Frames may share a global color table or use a local color table; transparency is supported by specifying a transparent color index.

Limitations and usage: GIF's color limit and lack of a true alpha channel restrict photo realism and complex imagery. No audio is supported, and compression is lossless but can still produce large files for longer or highly detailed animations. GIFs are favored for short looping clips, memes, and simple UI icons due to universal browser support and easy creation.

Context and alternatives: PNG-based formats such as APNG or animated WebP offer better color and alpha handling, while modern video or animated formats may be preferred for longer content. Despite competition, GIF remains a staple on the web for lightweight, widely compatible animations and memes; its name is commonly pronounced both "gif" and "jif."