Félvísindi

Félvísindi, often translated as "pseudoscience," refers to a body of claims, beliefs, or practices that are presented as scientific but lack the foundational evidence and rigorous methodology required for scientific acceptance. These claims typically fail to adhere to the scientific method, which involves empirical observation, hypothesis testing, falsifiability, and peer review. Instead, pseudoscientific ideas often rely on anecdotal evidence, vague or untestable assertions, and a resistance to contradictory evidence.

The term "félvísindi" is used to distinguish these concepts from legitimate scientific theories and findings. While science progresses through ongoing research, revision, and open debate, pseudoscientific claims tend to remain static or are modified only to evade refutation rather than to better explain phenomena. Common characteristics include appealing to authority without proper substantiation, using scientific-sounding jargon to create an illusion of legitimacy, and often proposing explanations that contradict established scientific principles without sufficient evidence.

Distinguishing between science and félvísindi is crucial for informed decision-making, particularly in areas like health, technology, and environmental policy. Critical thinking and an understanding of scientific principles help individuals evaluate claims and identify those that lack credible support. The scientific community generally rejects pseudoscientific claims due to their inability to meet the standards of evidence-based reasoning.