Frankeniaceae

Frankeniaceae is a small family of flowering plants, commonly known as the sea-heaths. This family belongs to the order Caryophyllales and is characterized by its woody or herbaceous perennial growth habit. The leaves are typically opposite, simple, and often leathery, with margins that are sometimes revolute. Frankeniaceae species are found in a variety of habitats, particularly in saline or alkaline soils, coastal areas, and arid regions across the globe. Their distribution is widespread, with a presence on most continents.

The flowers of Frankeniaceae are usually bisexual, actinomorphic (radially symmetrical), and possess both sepals and petals. The sepals are fused to form a calyx, which is often persistent. Petals are typically present and can be vibrant in color. The stamens are usually fewer than twice the number of petals, and the ovary is superior, composed of two to five carpels. The fruit is a capsule, often dehiscent, containing numerous small seeds.

The family comprises about four genera and roughly 50-70 species. The most well-known genus is Frankenia, which gives the family its name. Other genera include Hypericum, Brachysiphon, and Ravenia, although taxonomic classifications can vary. Members of this family are not of major economic importance, but some species are used ornamentally, particularly those with attractive flowers. Their ability to tolerate saline conditions makes them ecologically significant in certain environments.