Fotoöregedés

Fotoöregedés, a Hungarian term, translates to "photoaging" in English. It refers to the premature aging of the skin caused by repeated exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. This type of aging is distinct from intrinsic aging, which is the natural chronological aging process of the body.

The primary culprit behind photoaging is the damage that UV rays inflict on the skin's structure. Specifically, UV radiation breaks down collagen and elastin fibers, which are essential proteins responsible for maintaining the skin's firmness, elasticity, and smooth texture. This breakdown leads to a variety of visible signs of aging.

Common manifestations of photoaging include wrinkles and fine lines, especially in sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, and hands. The skin may also develop a leathery texture, lose its suppleness, and become less firm. Pigmentation changes are also a hallmark of photoaging, presenting as sunspots (also known as age spots or liver spots), freckles, and an uneven skin tone. In more severe cases, telangiectasias, or small, dilated blood vessels, may become visible.

Preventing photoaging primarily involves diligent sun protection. This includes seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and using broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF daily, even on cloudy days. Avoiding tanning beds is also crucial. While the damage from photoaging can be significant, various dermatological treatments, such as topical retinoids, chemical peels, laser therapy, and microneedling, can help to improve its appearance.