Fontanassociated

Fontanassociated is a term used to describe a spectrum of medical complications that can arise in individuals who have undergone a Fontan procedure. The Fontan procedure is a surgical intervention for certain complex congenital heart defects where the single ventricle is not functioning adequately. It is designed to reroute venous blood from the body directly to the pulmonary arteries, bypassing the right ventricle. While this procedure can significantly improve survival and quality of life for many, it places abnormal pressure on the systemic venous system and the liver over time.

Complications associated with Fontanassociated conditions can manifest in various organ systems. The most common issues involve the liver, including hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis, and portal hypertension. Gastrointestinal problems are also frequent, such as protein-losing enteropathy, malabsorption, and ascites (fluid accumulation in the abdomen). Cardiac complications can include arrhythmias, ventricular dysfunction, and atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Other potential problems include protein-losing enteropathy, plastic bronchitis, renal dysfunction, and increased risk of thromboembolic events. The long-term management of Fontanassociated conditions requires ongoing monitoring and multidisciplinary care. Treatment strategies often focus on managing symptoms, preventing progression of organ damage, and addressing specific complications as they arise.