Folsyremangel

Folsyremangel, also known as folate deficiency, is a condition characterized by a lack of folic acid (vitamin B9) in the body. Folic acid is essential for cell growth and development, DNA synthesis, and the production of red blood cells. A deficiency can lead to several health problems.

The most common cause of folsyremangel is an inadequate intake of folic acid from the diet. Foods rich in folate include leafy green vegetables, legumes, nuts, and fortified cereals. Certain medical conditions can also impair folate absorption or increase its requirements, such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, alcoholism, and pregnancy. Some medications can also interfere with folate metabolism.

Symptoms of folsyremangel can vary but often include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and irritability. In more severe cases, it can lead to megaloblastic anemia, a condition where the body produces abnormally large and immature red blood cells. This anemia can result in significant fatigue and other symptoms. For pregnant women, folate deficiency can increase the risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus, such as spina bifida.

Diagnosis is typically made through blood tests that measure folate levels. Treatment involves increasing folic acid intake, either through dietary changes or folic acid supplements. For pregnant women, prenatal vitamins containing folic acid are strongly recommended before and during pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects. Addressing the underlying cause of the deficiency, if present, is also crucial for effective management.