Flammula

Flammula is a genus of fungi in the family Physalacriaceae. Species within this genus are typically small to medium-sized mushrooms, often characterized by their bright colors, though some can be more subdued. They are saprobic, meaning they obtain nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter, frequently found on decaying wood, leaf litter, or soil.

The cap of Flammula species can vary in shape, often starting conical or bell-shaped and flattening with age. Their surface can be smooth or slightly scaly, and colors range from yellow, orange, and red to brown and sometimes even purplish hues. The gills underneath the cap are typically attached to the stem, and their color can be whitish, yellowish, or brown. The stem is usually slender and can be dry or slightly sticky, sometimes featuring a ring or remnants of a veil.

Distribution of Flammula is widespread, found in temperate and tropical regions across the globe. Many species are difficult to distinguish from one another and require microscopic examination for accurate identification. While some species are edible, many have not been thoroughly studied for edibility, and caution is advised. Some may be bitter or unpalatable, and misidentification with toxic look-alikes is a concern. Research into the biochemistry of Flammula species continues to explore their potential in various applications.