Finantstegevus

Finantstegevus is a term used in Estonian law to describe activities that involve handling money and providing financial services. The concept is used to categorize the activities of businesses and individuals that participate in the financial system, and to determine which activities require authorization and supervision. Finantstegevus encompasses a broad range of services through which funds are raised, managed, or transferred and risks are exposed and addressed. It is central to the operation of banks, investment firms, payment service providers, and other market participants.

Typical examples of finantstegevus include lending and credit intermediation, accepting deposits, payment services and money transfers, investment services such as brokerage and asset management, and related advisory services. The exact scope can vary by jurisdiction and by how the Estonian regulation defines financial activities within its laws and by EU directives that Estonia implements.

Regulation and supervision are typically conducted by the national financial regulator and, in Estonia, involve the Finantsinspektsioon and the Eesti Pank in some aspects of supervision. Entities engaging in finantstegevus generally require authorization or a license, must comply with ongoing supervisory requirements, maintain prudent risk management, ensure consumer protection, and implement antimoney laundering and counter-terrorism financing measures. Cross-border activities are subject to EU rules and cooperation between regulators.

Authorities emphasize transparency, financial stability, and protection of clients in supervising finantstegevus. Failure to comply can lead to license suspension, fines, or other sanctions.