Fiberkablage

Fiberkablage is the process of installing fiber optic cables and their supporting infrastructure to enable high-speed data transmission. It includes planning routes, laying ducts or conduits, pulling or blowing fiber, terminating at equipment, and testing performance.

Cables are typically single-mode for long distances or multimode for shorter links. They are protected by jackets and strength members; terminations use connectors, splice closures, and patch panels. Proper cable management and labeling are essential to maintain signal integrity and serviceability.

Installation methods vary by environment. Underground routes use trenching or directional drilling; aerial runs use poles and hangers; and microducts may be blown with specialized equipment. Key practices include respecting bend radii, protecting fibers from contamination, and ensuring secure, accessible terminations.

Testing and documentation are integral. Attenuation and continuity are verified, commonly with OTDR measurements; fiber routes, splice losses, and connector types are recorded. Standards from ITU-T, IEC, and ISO/IEC bodies guide fiber types, connectors, and installation methods.

Applications range from telecommunications backbones and FTTH networks to data centers and enterprise networks. Benefits include high bandwidth and immunity to electromagnetic interference; challenges include installation precision, safety, regulatory compliance, and environmental considerations such as moisture and temperature exposure.