Felhasználóimódúak

Felhasználóimódúak, often translated as user modes, refers to a concept within operating system security that categorizes system operations into different privilege levels. The primary distinction is between user mode and kernel mode. User mode is a restricted environment where applications run. In this mode, programs have limited access to system resources and hardware. They must request services from the operating system kernel through specific interfaces, known as system calls. This limitation is a crucial security measure, preventing malicious or faulty applications from directly interfering with critical system components or accessing sensitive data.

Kernel mode, also known as supervisor mode or privileged mode, is the core of the operating system. The operating system kernel and its essential drivers operate in kernel mode. This mode grants unrestricted access to all hardware and memory. When an application in user mode needs to perform a privileged operation, such as accessing a file or communicating with a network device, it triggers a system call. This causes a context switch, transferring control from the application to the kernel. The kernel then performs the requested operation on behalf of the application, ensuring that system integrity and security are maintained. This separation of privileges is fundamental to modern operating system design, providing stability and protection against unauthorized actions.