Feldabdeckung

Feldabdeckung refers to the practice of covering agricultural fields, typically with organic materials, for various agronomic benefits. This practice is common in organic farming and sustainable agriculture systems. The primary materials used for feldabdeckung include crop residues, straw, compost, and sometimes green manure crops that are incorporated into the soil surface or left as a surface mulch.

The purpose of feldabdeckung is multifaceted. One significant benefit is weed suppression. A thick layer of organic material can physically block sunlight, preventing weed seeds from germinating and establishing themselves. This reduces the need for mechanical weeding or herbicide application. Additionally, feldabdeckung helps conserve soil moisture. The cover acts as a barrier, reducing evaporation from the soil surface, which is particularly beneficial in arid or semi-arid regions.

Furthermore, feldabdeckung contributes to soil health. As the organic matter decomposes, it releases nutrients, enriching the soil over time. This decomposition also improves soil structure, increasing aeration and water infiltration, and supporting beneficial soil microorganisms. The organic cover also protects the soil from erosion caused by wind and rain. By reducing the impact of raindrops and slowing down water runoff, it prevents the displacement of topsoil. In colder climates, feldabdeckung can also provide insulation, protecting plant roots from extreme temperatures and frost. The specific materials and methods of feldabdeckung are often adapted to the local climate, soil type, and the specific crop being grown.