Farveprofiler

Farveprofiler, often referred to as color profiles or ICC profiles in English, are data files that describe how a device or image interprets color. They define a color space and provide a mapping from device-dependent color values to a device-independent profile connection space, enabling consistent color reproduction across cameras, monitors, printers, and software.

An ICC profile includes data such as the color primaries, white point, and transfer characteristics. In a color-managed workflow, rendering intents (perceptual, relative colorimetric, absolute colorimetric, saturation) determine how colors are transformed when moving between profiles, especially for gamut clipping.

Types and formats: Device profiles for monitors, scanners, and printers, and working-space profiles such as sRGB, Adobe RGB, and ProPhoto RGB. Profiles can be embedded in image files (JPEG, TIFF) or linked by software; the Profile Connection Space is typically CIE XYZ or CIE Lab; device-link profiles may be used for direct conversion between devices.

Creation and usage: Profiles are produced by calibrating hardware with measurement devices and profiling software. Printer profiles reflect the CMYK or extended color capabilities of the printer and ink set. Editing and viewing software uses the embedded profiles to render colors consistently across devices.

Limitations: A profile represents the device's color response under specific conditions; changes in ambient light, display brightness, or aging can affect accuracy. A profile cannot compensate for hardware outside its supported gamut, and correct calibration is essential for reliable color reproduction.