Fakaleiti

Fakaleiti is a term used in Tonga to describe a gender identity for people who were assigned male at birth but who live and present themselves as women. It is part of a broader pattern of gender diversity in Polynesia, alongside the Samoan fa'afafine. Fakaleiti typically adopt feminine dress, mannerisms, and social roles within their families and communities, and they may participate in public life and cultural events.

In daily life, fakaleiti may engage in a range of activities, including performing arts, beauty and grooming, hospitality, and community work. Relationships vary: some fakaleiti form intimate partnerships with men, others with women, and some identify as non-binary within the spectrum of gender. Experiences of social acceptance differ by community, family, and individual circumstances.

The concept and social role of fakaleiti have been shaped by historical factors such as Christianization and colonial influence, but they are also recognized as a continuing aspect of Tongan culture. In contemporary discussions, fakaleiti are described by researchers as a legitimate form of gender expression within Tonga, while social stigma and legal or religious constraints can affect visibility and rights. Health, social services, and legal protections for fakaleiti intersect with broader LGBTQ+ issues in the region.

Terminology can vary by speaker and context, and some people prefer different labels. See also fa'afafine; LGBTQ rights in Oceania.