Fackverk

Fackverk is a traditional timber-framed construction method used in many parts of Europe, characterized by a load-bearing skeleton of timber members and an infill of lighter materials. The visible framework typically consists of vertical posts, horizontal beams, and diagonal braces arranged in a regular lattice. The timber frame carries the structural loads, while the infill panels provide insulation and enclosure and may be made from wattle-and-daub, brick nogging, or plaster.

The timber members are usually connected with mortise-and-tenon joints secured by wooden pegs, a technique that allows some movement and resists lateral forces. Diagonal braces help stabilize the frame against wind and thrust, and the overall pattern of the frame often forms rectangular or polygonal panels on the exterior. In many regions the external walls are plastered or whitewashed, highlighting the dark timber of the frame.

Historically, fackverk dates from the Middle Ages and flourished from the 13th to the 18th centuries in German-speaking areas and beyond, including parts of France, England, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia. It was favored for its ability to use a timber skeleton with relatively inexpensive infill, and it allowed rapid construction using locally available materials.

In modern times, fackverk is preserved as a key element of cultural heritage. Restored half-timbered houses are common tourist attractions in historic towns. Contemporary practice may combine traditional framing with modern infill, insulation, and fire-protection requirements while retaining the characteristic timber-lattice appearance.