Etmoidalbihålorna

Etmoidalbihålorna, also known as ethmoid sinuses, are a group of air-filled cavities within the ethmoid bone, located between the eyes and behind the nose. This complex network consists of multiple small, thin-walled cells, typically divided into anterior, middle, and posterior groups. The ethmoid sinuses are the only paranasal sinuses that are present at birth, although they continue to develop and grow throughout childhood.

These sinuses play a role in warming and humidifying inhaled air, as well as contributing to the overall resonance of the voice. They are lined with a mucous membrane that produces mucus, which drains into the nasal cavity through small openings called ostia. The ethmoid sinuses are closely related to the optic nerves and the brain, making infections in this area potentially serious.

Inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses, known as ethmoiditis, can occur as a result of a viral or bacterial infection, allergies, or nasal polyps. Symptoms may include nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, loss of smell, and postnasal drip. In severe cases, inflammation can spread to surrounding structures, leading to complications. Diagnosis often involves a physical examination and imaging studies such as CT scans. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, nasal corticosteroids, and sometimes surgical intervention to improve drainage.