Eskrima

Eskrima, also known as Arnis or Kali, is a Filipino martial art focused on practical weapon-based fighting. The core emphasis is on stick fighting using rattan implements, but the system also teaches bladed weapons and empty-hand techniques that flow from weapon work. Training prioritizes speed, precision, redirection, and timing, with routes from sticks to knives and to grappling.

Origins of Eskrima date to precolonial Philippines, with regional styles influenced by native, Malay, Chinese, and later Spanish contact. In the 20th century, practitioners such as Remy Presas helped develop Modern Arnis, while Filipino instructors abroad popularized the art under names like Kali in some communities. Various national and international groups now teach and promote the art.

Training typically begins with drills that teach footwork, angles, and balance. Students practice stick-on-stick patterns, then apply them to stick-on-blade and empty-hand scenarios. Sparring and controlled partner drills develop timing and reflexes, as do disarms, joint locks, and follow-up techniques. Emphasis is often on practical self-defense and safety.

Weapons practice centers on the rattan stick, but many systems include training with knives, swords, and improvised weapons. Forms or patterns, flow drills, and application sequences are common, along with sensitivity training and close-quarters engagement. Some styles stress trapping and close-quarters control.

Global organizations, competitions, and federations promote Eskrima internationally. WEKAF (World Eskrima Kali Arnis Federation) is among the best-known bodies that standardize competition rules and curricula. In the Philippines, Arnis is recognized as the national martial art and sport, with formalized curricula in schools and communities.

Notable figures include Remy Presas, who popularized Modern Arnis, and Dan Inosanto, a Filipino Martial Arts instructor who helped introduce Eskrima to Western students and mixed martial arts communities.