Entlassung

Entlassung is a German term meaning release or discharge from a duty, position, or institution. In everyday usage it denotes the termination of a relationship, such as an employment contract, but it can also refer to discharge from hospital, release from imprisonment, or retirement from public service. The exact procedure and rights depend on the context and applicable law.

In employment law, Entlassung typically refers to the termination of an employment relationship by the employer or the employee. A formal termination is called Kündigung; a mutual agreement is Aufhebungsvertrag. The termination must be in writing, and during the probationary period the notice period is usually shorter. After probation, the statutory notice period according to BGB §622 applies, commonly four weeks to the 15th or to the end of a calendar month, with longer periods for longer service in some cases. Ordinary termination requires a permissible reason, such as personal incapacity, conduct, or operational needs; extraordinary termination (fristlose Kündigung) can occur for urgent cause. The Kündigungsschutzgesetz provides protection against dismissal for many employees, with special rules around pregnancy, disability, and other protective statuses. Works councils and social plans can influence dismissals in larger establishments, and severance payments (Abfindung) may be negotiated. Employees facing a Kündigung may be eligible for unemployment benefits and may contest the termination in labor courts.

In healthcare, Entlassung means discharge from hospital or other care when treatment is complete or when the patient can be safely managed at home. The process includes clinical assessment, discharge planning, and documentation such as a discharge summary or Entlassungsbrief, along with arrangements for follow-up care.

In the criminal justice and civil-service contexts, Entlassung can refer to release from prison after serving a sentence or to retirement or dismissal from public service. The term thus covers multiple forms of formal release across sectors.