Enterográfia

Enterográfia refers to the medical imaging technique used primarily to visualize the biliary tree, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure combines endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with fluoroscopy, allowing real-time X-ray imaging to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the bile and pancreatic ducts. The term itself is derived from the Greek words *enteron* (meaning "intestine") and *graphia* (meaning "recording or writing"), though it is more commonly associated with the visualization of internal ductal structures.

During enterográfia, a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is inserted through the mouth and guided into the duodenum. A contrast dye is then injected through the endoscope to highlight the ducts, which are captured on X-ray images. This method helps identify blockages, strictures, stones, or tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. It can also be used therapeutically to remove obstructions or place stents.

The procedure is typically performed under sedation to ensure patient comfort and is considered safe but carries risks such as infection, pancreatitis, or bleeding. It is often recommended for patients experiencing symptoms like jaundice, abdominal pain, or unexplained liver enzyme abnormalities. While enterográfia is highly effective, alternative imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) may be used in cases where the procedure is not feasible.

Enterográfia remains a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool in gastroenterology, offering detailed insights into the biliary and pancreatic systems while enabling immediate intervention when necessary.