Enteroctopus

Enteroctopus is a genus of large octopuses in the family Octopodidae. The genus contains several species, the best known of which is Enteroctopus dofleini, the giant Pacific octopus, which is among the largest known octopuses. Adult mantles can reach about 30 cm in length, with arm spans exceeding 3 meters; weights for the giant Pacific octopus can surpass 50 kg. Other species in the genus are smaller but share the eight-armed body plan and a highly developed nervous system.

They have rounded mantles, eight muscular arms with two rows of suckers, and a strong beak used to crush prey. Enteroctopuses are highly intelligent and capable of problem solving, learning, and sophisticated camouflage, using chromatophores and textural change to blend with their surroundings.

Diet consists mainly of crabs, mollusks, fish, and other invertebrates. They hunt by stalking or ambushing and kill prey with their beak, aided by venomous saliva. They are typically solitary, occupying crevices or dens and defending territories outside the breeding season.

Reproduction involves a single, intense breeding period for many species. Females lay thousands of eggs and guard them for weeks to months until hatching; in most cases, both parents die after reproduction. Juveniles emerge and grow toward their adult size.

Geographic distribution includes cold to temperate coastal waters of the northern Pacific and adjacent seas, with species distribution varying regionally. While not all species face the same threats, local populations can be affected by habitat disturbance, overfishing, and climate change. Enteroctopuses are valued in scientific study and, in some regions, as a food source.