Elis

Elis, or Eleia in Greek, refers to both an ancient region of the western Peloponnese and a modern regional unit in Greece. In antiquity, Elis lay along the Ionian coast and was centered on Olympia, site of the ancient Olympic Games. The Eleians, inhabitants of the region, maintained religious and athletic traditions that shaped much of classical Greek culture. The name Elis is tied to the countryside, sanctuaries, and the federation known as the Eleian koinon, a loose league of city-states that shared religious rites and political roles connected to Olympia.

Geographically, ancient Elis was bounded by Arcadia to the north, Achaea to the northeast, Messenia to the south, and the Ionian Sea to the west. Its terrain combined coastal plains with hills and the foothills of the central Peloponnese, including mountainous areas such as parts of Mount Erymanthos. Olympia and the Altis, the sacred grove around the sanctuary of Zeus, were its most famous sites.

Historically, the Eleians played a central role in Greek religious and athletic life. Olympia hosted the Olympic Games from the 8th century BCE, attracting participants from across the Greek world and serving as a religious center dedicated to Zeus. The region experienced the usual succession of Hellenistic and Roman influences, with changing political arrangements that eventually integrated Elis into larger state structures.

In modern times, Elis is a regional unit of the West Greece periphery, with Pyrgos as its administrative capital. The area includes the archaeological site at Olympia and the port of Katakolo, supporting tourism and agriculture. The regional unit retains its historical associations with Olympia while functioning within Greece’s contemporary administrative framework.