Elektroüberspannungsschutzgeräte

Elektroüberspannung refers to a transient overvoltage event in an electrical system. These overvoltages can significantly exceed the normal operating voltage of the system, potentially causing damage to connected equipment. The causes of elektroüberspannung are varied, but commonly include lightning strikes, switching operations within the power grid, and electrostatic discharge.

Lightning strikes are a primary source of severe overvoltages. When lightning strikes near an electrical installation or power line, it can induce high voltages that propagate through the system. Switching operations, such as turning large inductive loads on or off, can also generate transient overvoltages due to the sudden change in current and the resulting electromagnetic fields. Electrostatic discharge (ESD), while typically lower in magnitude, can still be detrimental to sensitive electronic components.

The effects of elektroüberspannung can range from temporary disruption of service to permanent damage of electrical and electronic devices. Insulation breakdown, component failure, and fire hazards are all potential consequences. To mitigate the risks associated with these events, protective measures are implemented. These include surge protective devices (SPDs), which are designed to divert excess voltage away from sensitive equipment and safely to ground. Proper grounding and earthing of electrical systems also play a crucial role in managing overvoltages. Understanding the causes and implementing appropriate protection strategies are essential for maintaining the integrity and safety of electrical installations.